ASA101
Medical information
It is a biosimilar product with the name of ASA101. ASA101 is a recombinant DNA-derived human monoclonal antibody that selectively targets the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein. These receptors are normally present on normal cell surfaces, leading to cell growth and proliferation. HER2 overexpression is observed in primary breast and advanced gastric cancer cells. The result of HER2 gene amplification is increased HER2 protein expression on the surface of these tumor cells, which leads to an activated HER2 receptor and the growth of cancer cells. By binding to HER2, ASA101 inhibits its activity, which leads to the death of cancer cells.
Target patients
ASA101 is the standard of care in the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2+ early and advanced breast cancer. It was recently approved for the treatment of HER-2+ advanced gastric cancer. ASA101 is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody administered by intravenous infusion on a weekly or triweekly schedule. In all registered indications, ASA101 is almost always administered in combination with chemotherapy. In hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women, ASA101 can be combined with an aromatase inhibitor.
Mechanism of action
ASA101 is a monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). ASA101 binds to the extracellular portion of this receptor and inhibits HER2 homodimerization, thereby inhibiting HER2-mediated signaling. It also appears to facilitate antibody-dependent cytotoxicity, leading to the death of cells that express HER2.
ASA102
Medical information
ASA102 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets and destroys CD20-positive B lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) that contribute to nerve damage in MS. When the targeted B cells are eliminated by ASA102, inflammation is reduced, which in turn makes it less likely that other nerve cells will be damaged.
Target patients
ASA102 is an intravenously administered human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of adult patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (RMS) or primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). In terms of injection, ASA102 provides ease of short-term and semi-annual infusions. ASA102 remains an effective and well-tolerated disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for RMS and is a valuable treatment for delaying disease progression in patients with PPMS (for whom there are currently no other approved DMTs).
Mechanism of action
ASA102 is a second-generation recombinant anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with a molecular mass of 145 kDa. This glycoprotein is similar to another anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody named Rituximab but with a human IgG1 sequence. Antibody humanization is expected to reduce antigen and improve CD20 binding. CD20 is a phosphoprotein expressed on a wide range of human B lymphocytes. However, it is absent in the early lineage (stem cells and pro-B cells) or the late lineage (plasmoblasts and plasma cells). ASA102 binds to CD20 on B lymphocytes, leading to antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-mediated lysis (CDC). While the exact mechanism by which ASA102 exerts its effect on multiple sclerosis is unknown, B cells appear to influence the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis through cytokine regulation, antigen presentation, and autoantibody production discharges.
ASA103
Medical information
ASA103 is a recombinant monoclonal antibody that belongs to the group of anti-angiogenic drugs. This substance binds to the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the cell surface and prevents the vascularization of tumors, thereby preventing the supply of nutrients and oxygen to cancer cells and ultimately their growth. ASA103 in various types of cancer such as: metastatic colon or rectal cancer, progressive glioblastoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), advanced or metastatic kidney cancer, ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancer, cervical cancer and metastatic breast cancer(Off-label).
Target patients
ASA103 is used in the treatment of various cancers in combination with other treatments: Advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in people who have not received chemotherapy for their advanced disease, metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), glioblastoma (GBM) in adult patients whose cancer has progressed after previous treatment. Advanced Cervical Cancer (CC) For the treatment of persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer. Ovarian cancer (OC) is used to treat patients with advanced epithelial cancer (stage III or IV) of the ovary, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer after primary surgery. For the treatment of platinum-resistant recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer (proC) in women who have not received more than two prior chemotherapy regimens. For the treatment of patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial, ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer (psOC).
Mechanism of action
ASA103 is a recombinant human monoclonal antibody that blocks angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). VEGF-A is a growth factor protein that stimulates angiogenesis in various diseases, especially in cancer.